Effects of Industrial Waste on Streams
Introduction
Stream serves people in many ways Drinking, Bathing, Fishing, Irrigation, Navigation, Recreation, Power Generation
“Biodegradable” has become a popular word. It is assumed that if something is biodegradable, then disposal is not a problem.
- The improper disposal of biodegradable substances in streams became a cause of concern.
- The receiving waters were quickly polluted.
- Fish in the receiving waters died and
- The water had a very offensive odor.
- A stream must therefore be protected, so that it can serve the best interest of people using it.
Effects of Industrial Waste on Streams
Stream Protection
Methods of maintaining a stream
- Effluent Standards
- Stream Standards
Effluent Standard: The Quality Standards established by the waste that has been processed from these units.
Stream Standard: The Standard Quality established in accordance with the designation of water bodies
Stream Classification in India
Effluent Standards
Effluent standards pertain to the quality of the discharge water itself. They are based on economics than on absolute protection of the stream
- Easy to control
- Detailed stream analysis are not required
- They do not establish an overall level of pollutant loading for a given water body
- Ratio of wastewater to stream flow are not considered
- Ratio of wastewater to stream flow are not considered
- Treatment is obligatory irrespective of the size of industry
- For effective protection of an overloaded stream, the effluent standards are required to be upgraded
- Large industries have an edge over small industry
Disposal Standards
Stream Standards
- Stream standards refer to the quality of the receiving water downstream from the origin of the wastewater discharge
- They are based on establishing classification of quality for a stream
- The quality of the receiving water is regulated to maintain established stream classification
- Prevention of excessive pollution/ Loading is limited to what the stream can assimilate
- No consideration of type and location of industry
- Allows public to establish goals for present and future water quality
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