Vibro Stone Columns To improve the load bearing capacity of in-situ soils and fills, Vibro stone columns are designed and are used. These columns reduce the differential settlements of non-homogeneous and compressible soils which allows the use of shallow footings and thinner base slabs. For the construction of Vibro stone columns, the vibrator is made … Read more
DEEP SOIL MIXING The properties of soft cohesive soils can be improved by mixing of a variety of chemical additives. The addition of lime, fly ash and cement in different combinations can significantly improve the shear strength and compression properties of such soils. Other additives can be used to fix pollutants in place to prevent … Read more
Pile Foundation Pile Foundation. Pile foundations are deep foundations used when the site has a weak shallow bearing strata making it necessary to transfer load to a deeper strata either by friction or end bearing principles. Foundations provide support for structures by transferring the load to the rock or layers of soil that have sufficient … Read more
Failure Modes Introduction Slope failures are essentially natural hazards that occur in many areas over the world. Popularly known as landslides, slope failures describe a wide variety of mechanisms that cause the outward or downward movement of slope-forming materials like rock, soil or landfills. Landslide can result either from rock failure or soil failure. While … Read more
Ground Improvement Ground Improvement or Ground treatment is defined as “controlled alteration of the state, nature or mass behavior of ground materials to achieve an intended satisfactory response to existing or projected environmental and engineering actions” Ground Improvement by Vibration Vibration can be used to compact soils and fills. Similar to Vibrating rollers used to … Read more
What is Negative Skin Friction? Negative skin friction is usually a downward shear drag acting on a pile or pile group due to downward sinking of surrounding soil relative to the piles. This shear drag movements are expected to occur when a segment of the pile penetrates a compressible soil stratum that can consolidate. Downward … Read more
A fully coordinated team of geotechnical and structural engineers and engineering geologists are required to insure that rock foundation conditions and design are properly integrated into the overall design of the structure and that the completed final design of the structure is safe, efficient, and economical. Foundation characterization and design work should be guided by … Read more
Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) A TBM is a massive set of complex equipment assembled together to excavate a tunnel, often called as “Mole”. Major components of this Tunnel Boring Machine includes Cutter head, with cutting discs/tools and Muck buckets to carry and dispose excavated muck Power supply Systems Cutter head rotation & thrust Bracing system … Read more
Introduction on In-situ Rock Tests In-situ Rock Tests are done to determine in-situ stresses & deformation characteristics and shear strength of jointed rock mass or critically weak seams within the rock mass, residual stresses within the rock mass, anchor capacities, and rock mass permeability. In-situ tests are often the best means for determining the engineering … Read more